Fact and Theory: An Aspect of the Philosophy of Science - W. M. O' Neil

First published in 1969, Fact and Theory delves into a key area of the philosophy of science through four detailed case studies drawn from the history of science: the motion of blood, the motions and spacing of planets, the periodic table of elements, and inheritance and gene theory. These cases were selected to highlight various issues concerning facts, theories, and their interrelation. Alongside these studies, the book offers a second, intertwined strand of commentary that synthesizes, expands upon, and interprets the broader points raised. These include distinctions among types of theories, challenges in testing theories against observational facts, and the nature of explanation and prediction in science.

This work serves as an important reference for scholars in the history and philosophy of science, offering both depth and clarity on the intricate relationship between scientific facts and theoretical frameworks.